Mengenai Saya

Foto saya
Aktif, Imajinatif, simple, jujur, namun sulit percaya dengan orang lain. saya humble untuk orang orang yg sudah mengenal saya. sedikit sulit bergaul dengan lingkungan baru. saya selalu percaya Tuhan selalu menyediakan apa yang saya butuhkan Tepat Pada Waktunya. meskipun hidup ini kejam, tapi roda kehidupan selalu berputar.

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Style In Written English

A. Question word

adalah kata yang digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu, tempat, orang, benda, hal, alasan, cara, dan lain-lain. English question wordberupa berbagai wh-word, yaitu kata yang diawali oleh wh- (what, where, when, why, which, who,whom, whose) atau kata yang mengandung huruf wdan h (how)
Contoh :
-What do you want from me?
-What are you doing here?
-Where does he live?

Sumber : http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-dan-contoh-kalimat-question-words

B. Say / Tell

edua kata ini memiliki makna yang mirip. Keduanya berarti berkomunikasi secara verbal dengan seseorang. Tetapi kita sering menggunakan keduanya dengan berbeda.
 Contoh :
- She told me that she loved John.
- She said that she loved John.
- He told everybody that he had to leave.

C. Dangling modifier

adalah modifier (berupa kata atau phrase) yang ditempatkan pada suatu kalimat namun tidak menerangkan suatu bagian yang muncul setelahnya. Dangling modifier merupakan salah satu dari masalah-masalah placement(penempatan), seperti misplaced dan squinting modifie.
Contoh :
After eating on the street, she usually feels hurt on her stomach.
After she eats on the street, her stomach usually hurts.
Having typed the monthly report, He plugged in and switched on the printer.

Sumber : http://www.wordsmile.com/dangling-modifier

D. Sequance of Tenses

Apabila ada dua kejadian yang terjadi secara berurutan langsung, maka tenses yang dipakai adalahsimple past dan simple past.
Ciri-ciri            : tidak ada jeda waktu dan biasanya ada sebab akibat
Contoh            : after he closed the door, he went to bed
                         After she arrived, the bus left
Conjunction    : after, before, when, as soon as
Apabila ada dua kejadian yang terjadi secara berurutan tidak langsung, maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past perfect dan simple past.
Ciri-ciri  : kejadian mana yang pertama dalam kalimat itu menggunakan past perfect,dan     kejadian yang kedua menggunakan past tense.    
Contoh            : they went on holiday after they had taken an exam
                                      Before the police came, the thief had left
Conjunction     : as soon as, after, before, when
 Apabila ada kejadian pertama sudah berlangsung beberapa saat pada durasi waktu tertentu ketika kejadian kedua terjadi, maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past perfect continuous dan simple past.
Contoh:  when I visited her yesterday, she had been studying for two hours
              They had been playing futsal for an hour when we came
 Apabila kejadian pertama berlangsung ketika kejadian kedua terjadi, maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past continuous dan simple past.
Contoh           :  I was watching TV while she knocked at the door
                                     I was writing a letter when my mother called me
Conjunction    : when, while, as
Apabila ada dua kejadian yang terjadi secara bersamaan maka tenses yang dipakai adalah past continuous dan past continuous.
Contoh: my father was reading magazine while my mother was cooking
                         I was studying when my brother was sleeping

E. Redudancy
Redundancy adalah pengulangan kata yang tidak diperlukan atau penggunaan beberapa kata yang seharusnya dapat dapat dihindari hanya dengan menggunakan satu kata saja.
Kalimat-kalimat berikut mengandung redundancy. Penjelasan pilihan kata yang salah diberikan setelah masing-masing kalimat agar Anda dapat memahaminya segera.
1.      The best way to learn English is to repeat the lesson again at home so that they won’t                 forget it easily. (Jawaban: again adalah redundancy karena kata repeat sudah mengandung arti “mengulang lagi”)

2.      You must translate the text in a careful manner in order that the meaning of the text in the source language is not lost. (Jawaban: in a careful manner adalah redundancy. Seharusnya carefully bisa digunakan)

3.      The language that it is used internationally should be mastered before you participate in an international organization. (Jawaban: it adalah redundancy karena sudah diwakili oleh that sebagai subyek anak kalimat “that is used internationally”. Berarti kata “it” tidak diperlukan.)


Kalimat Pasif dan Aktif

Active
Pasive
Simple Present
S + V (S/es) + O
S + to be + V3 + BY + O
(she, he, it = is)
(I = am)
(they, we, you = are)
Simple Past
S + V2 + O
S + to be + V3 + BY + O
(she, he, it, I = was)
(they, we, you = were)
Simple Future
S + will + v1 + O
S + will + be + v3 + by + o
Present Continous
S + tobe + ving + o
S + to be + being + v3 + by + o
Past Continous
S + tobe (was / were) + ving + o
S + to be (was / were) + being  + v3 + by + o
Future Continous
S + will + be + ving + o
There are some tenses and conditions that don’t have pasive form present continous, past perfect continous, future continous, future perfect continous, and sentences that have intransitive verbs
Present Perfect
S + has / have + v3 + o
S + has / have + been + v3 + by + o
(she, he, it = has)
(they, we, I, you = have)
Past Perfect
S + had + v3 + o
S + had + been + v3 + by + o
Future perfect
S + will + have + v3 + o
S + will + have + been + v3 + by + o


 Mengubah kalimat active ke kalimat passive

1.  Active = once a month, conte brings the team to the beach.
Pasive = once a month, the team is brought to the beach by conte.
(SIMPLE PRESENT)


1.       2.  Active = Ali is writing a letter right now.
Pasive = the letter is being written by Ali now.
(PRESENT CONTINOUS)

1.       3.  Active = Gio repaired the computer which is located in the living room
Pasive = the computer which is located in the living room was repaired by Gio.
(SIMPLE PAST)

1.       4.  Active = The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.
Pasive =  The Customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
(PAST CONTINOUS)
1.       5. Active = Many basketball players have trained that kind of dribble style.
Pasive = that kind of dribble style have been trained by many basketball players.
(PRESENT PERFECT)

1.       6.  Active = Otong and vicky had repaired many cars before they received their mechanic license.
Pasive = many cars had been repaired by otong and vicky before they received their mechanic,
(PAST PERFECT)

1.       7.  Active = Chef ferara will finish the dish by 05.00 PM
Pasive = the dish will be finished by chef Ferara by 05.00 PM.
(SIMPLE FUTURE)

1.     8. Active = Burgerkill will be performing a song entitled “tiga titik hitam” on the stage at 08.00 PM.
Pasive = a song entitled will be performed by Burgerkill on the stage at 08.00 PM.
(FUTURE CONTINOUS)

1.       9.  Active = They will have completed the project before the deadline.
Pasive = the project will have been completed by them before the deadline.
(FUTURE PERFECT)

1.       10. Active = The lead guitarist of flashgod apocalypse smashed his guitar in their last concert.
Pasive = the guitar was smashed by the lead guitarist of flashgod apoccalypse in their last concert

(SIMPLE PAST)

ADVERB

Adverb of Place

adalah keterangan tempat, yaitu adverb yang menerangkan tentang dimana suatu peristiwa terjadi. Adverb of place menjawab pertanyaan "Where" dan biasanya ditempatkan setelah objek langsung (direct object) atau kata kerja.

Contoh :
- in Bandung = di Bandung
- at home = di rumah
- everywhere = dimana pun
- inside = di dalam
- outside = di luar

Adverb of Time

adalah keterangan waktu, yaitu adverb yang menerangkan tentang kapan suatu peristiwa terjadi. Adverb of Time menjawab pertanyaan "When" atau "What time". adverb of time dapat ditempatkan di depan kalimat atau di akhir kalimat.

Contoh :
- today = hari ini
- tomorrow = besok
- yesterday = kemarin\
- in the afternoon = pada siang hari
- in July = pada bulan Juli

Adverb of Manner
adalah keterangan cara, yaitu adverb yang menerangkan bagaimana sesuatu terjadi atau dilakukan. Adverb of manner menjawab pertanyaan "How".

Contoh :
- quickly = dengan cepat
- slowly = secara perlahan
- seriously = secara serius
- happily = dengan gembira
- easily = dengan mudah

Adverb of Frequency

 adalah keterangan frekuensi, yaitu adverb yang menerangkan tentang sering tidaknya suatu peristiwa terjadi. Adverb of Frequency menjawab pertanyaan "How often" yang biasanya ditempatkan sesudah subyek.
Contoh :
- usually = biasanya
- always = selalu
- never = tidak pernah
- seldom = jarang
- ever = pernah
- never = tidak pernah
- sometimes = kadang-kadang
- often = sering kali

Sumber :


http://www.kursusmudahbahasainggris.com/2013/08/pengertian-jenis-dan-fungsi-adverbs.html

Active and Passive Sentence

Kalimat Aktif (Active Sentences) :
Sebuah kalimat yang melakukan suatu hal atau kegiatan. Di dalam kalimat aktif selalu menggunakan kalimat berawalan me- (in active sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active).
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action].
Ciri – ciri kalimat aktif (Active Sentences) :
•             Subyeknya sebagai pelaku.
•             Predikatnya berawalan me- atau ber-
Example Active Sentences (Contoh kalimat aktif) :
•             Novry playing football.
•             Ikah watch television.
Kalimat pasif (Passive sentences) :
Kalimat yang subjeknya dikenal suatu hal atau tindakan, baik itu disengaja ataupun tidak disengaja (In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized).
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action].
Ciri – ciri kalimat pasif (Passive sentences) :
•             Subjeknya sebagai penderita.
•             Predikatnya berawalan di-, ter-, atau ter- kan-.
•             Predikatnya berupa pesona (kata ganti orang, disusul kata ganti orang yang kehilangan awalan).
Example Passive sentences (Contoh kalimat pasif) :
•             Ball to kick by Novry.
•             Fried Rice is cooking by Ikah.
Rumus Passive Voice:

1.      Simple Present Tense
Aktif : S + do/does + not + V1
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + V3 + by + O
2.      Simple Past Tense
Aktif : S + did + not + V1
Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V3 + by + O
3.      Simple Future Tense
Aktif : S + will + not + V1 + O
Pasif : S + will + not + be + V3 + by + O
4.      Present Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + to be (am, are, is) +  not + V1-ing
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + not + being + V3 + by + O
5.      Past Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + to be (was, were) + not + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + not + being + V3 + by + O
6.      Future Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + not + be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will + not + be + being + V3 + by + O
7.      Present Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + have/has + not + V3 + O
Pasif : S + have/has + not + been + V3 + by + O
8.      Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + had + not + V3 + O
Pasif : S + had + not + been + V3 + by + O
9.      Future Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + will + not + have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + will + not + have + been + V3 + by + O


Soal Latihan

1.      Simple Present Tense

Active  : Once a month, Conte brings the team to the beach

Passive : Once a month, the team is brought to the beach by Conte

2.      Present Continuous Tense

Active  : Ali is writting a letter right now

Passive : The letter is being written by Ali now

3.      Simple Past Tense

Active  : Gio repaired the computer which is located in the living room

Passive : The computer which is located in the living room by Gio

4.      Past Continuous Tense

Active  : The salesman was helping the customer when thief came into the store

Passive : The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store

5.      Present Perfect Tense

Active  : Many basketball players have trained that kind of dribble style

Passive : That kind of dribble style have been trained by many basketball players

6.      Past Perfect Tense

Active  : Otong and Vicky had repaired many cars before they received their mechanic license

Passive : Many cars had been repaired by Otong and Vicky before they received their mechanic license

7.      Simple Future Tense

Active  : Chef Ferrara will finish the dish by 05.00 p.m

Passive : The dish will be completed by Chef Ferrara 05.00 p.m

8.      Future Continuous Tense

Active  : Burgerkill will be performing a song entitled " Tiga Titik Hitam " on the stage at 08.00 p.m

Passive : The song entitled " Tiga Titik Hitam " will be performed by Burgerkill on stage at 08.00 p.m

9.      Future Perfect Tense

Active  : They will have completed the project before the deadline

Passive : The project will have been completed by them before the deadline

10.  Simple Past Tense
Active  : The lead guitarist of Flashgod Apocalypes smashed his guitar in their last concert

Passive : The guitar was smashed by the lead guitarist of Flashgod Apocalypse in their last concert

Sumber :
http://novrygunawan.wordpress.com/2011/02/28/3-kalimat-aktif-active-sentences-dan-kalimat-pasif-passive-sentences/
http://annur93.blogspot.com/2011/09/rumus-rumus-passive-voice-16-tenses_28.html


Tugas Pertama

- make an article which explains about verb phrase , 5 example simple:
1.    Erwin is playing football
2.    he has completed subject
3.    demi lovato is a musician
4.    bayern munchen is a football club
5.    annie felt more independent
- present tense : my brother buys ice cream in the minimarket everyday
- past tense : he want to depok yesterday

- future tense : he will go to Surabaya next holiday

Gerund, Invinitive, and Adverb


Gerund and Infinitive
Questions + answered
1. Tasya wishes … her grandparents more often.
a. Visiting
b. To Visit
2. I dislike … money on non-essential items.
     a. Spending
b. To spend
3. I watched two lions … in the grass in South Africa.
a. To sleep
b. Sleeping 
4. We promise … in touch with our clients.
  a. To stay
b. Staying
5. My mother taught me not … about my academic work.
a. Lying
b. To lie

ADVERB
Adverb of Time
Example :
1.     Goldilocks went to the Bears’ house yesterday.
2.     I’m going to tidy my room tomorrow.
3.     I, together with my pals, already have eaten lunch.
4.     She’ll prepare for the final test from now to the next saturday.
5.     I paid a call my friend in the hospital last week.
Adverb of Place
Example:
1.     The child went indoors.
2.     He lived and worked abroad.
3.     The ceremony was being held outdoors.
4.     Chris is going to work overseas.
5.     The road twists uphill.
Adverb of Manner
Example :
1.     The little girl ran quickly. In this sentence quickly modifies the verb ran (to run).
2.     The rich woman learned from experts how to arrange flowers beautifully.
3.     Students have to walk calmly in the school.
4.    Please read the instructions carefully before you filling the form.
5.     He wanted to know the difference between working hard and working smart.
Adverb of Frequency
Example :
            1. always do my homework on time. - In this sentence always shows us the frequency (how often) I do my homework on time.
2.     She goes out occasionally. - In this sentence occasionally shows us the frequency (how often) she goes out.
3.     I always update the calendar at the beginning of the month.
4.     Poetria often takes notes during the Skype sessions.
           5. usually have to get up early to walk Laika.
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EXERCISES
Complete each sentence with one of these verbs :
1.    He tried to avoid answering my question.
2.    Could you please stop making so much noise?
3.    I enjoy listening to music. 
4.    I considered applying for the job but in the end I decided against it.
5.    Have you finished washing your hair yet? 
6.    If you walk into the road without looking, you risk to be knocked down.
7.    Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet. He wants to carry on working.
8.    I don’t mind you using the phone as long as you pay for all your calls.
9.    Hello! Fancy seeing you here! What a surprise! 
10.  I’ve put off writing the letter so many times. I really must do it today.
11.  What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody being so stupid?
12.  Sarah gave up trying to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad.

Complete the sentences so that they mean the same as the first sentence. Use –ing.
1.     can do what I want and you can’t stop me. You can’t stop me doing what I want.   
2.     It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour. It’s better to avoid driving in rush hours    
3.    Shall we go away tomorrow instead of today? Shall we postpone going today untiltomorrow 
4.    The driver of the car said it was true that he didn’t have a licence. The driver of the car admitted saying that he didn’t have a licence
5.     Could you turn the radio down, please? Would you mind turning down the radio please?
6.    Please don’t interrupt me all the time. Would you mind stop interrupting me all the time.

EXERCISES
Complete each sentence with a suitable verb.
1.    Don’t forget to post the letter I gave you 
2.    There was a lot of traffic but we managed to get to the airport in time.
3.    Jill has decided not to drive a car 
4.     We’ve got a new computer in our office. I haven’t learnt to operate it yet
5.    I wonder where sue is. She promised not to be late.
6.    We were all to afraid to speak. Nobody dared to speak anything.


Put the verb into the correct form, to… or –ing. (See Unit 52 for verb + -ing.)
1.    When I’m tired, I enjoy watching television. It’s relaxing. (watch)
2.    It was a nice day , so we decided to go for a walk.(go) 
3.    it’s a nice day. Does anyone fancy going for a walk? (go)
4.    I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind to wait. (wait) 
5.    They don’t have much money. They cant afford going out very often. (go) 
6.    I wish that dog would stop barking its driving me mad. (bark)
7.    Our neighbor threatened to call the police if we didn’t stop the noise. (call) 
8.    We were hungry, so I suggested to have dinner early. (have)
9.    Hurry up ! I don’t want to risk missing the train. (miss)
10.   Im still lookingfor a job but I hope to find something soon. (find)